Cambridge, Massachusetts ¨C
It is always worth remembering that in the grand sweep of history, we are the fortunate ones. Thomas Hobbes¡¯s description of life as ¡°solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short¡± was apt for most of human history. Not anymore. Famines and hunger have become rarer, for most people have risen and extreme poverty has been substantially over the past few decades. Average life expectancy at birth even in the least healthy parts of the world is above , whereas a British person born in the 1820s would have expected to live to around 40.
But, these fantastic improvements have been accompanied by catastrophic risks. Even if COVID-19 has shaken us from our complacency, we have yet to grapple with the dangers still facing us.
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