Ukraine¡¯s economy is enduring its toughest period since the early months ?of Russia¡¯s invasion, after sustained airstrikes have left its power system in tatters as the war enters a fifth year, forcing firms to cut output and shrinking state revenues.

From steel mills to mines, cement-makers and food producers, Ukrainian industry is being forced to cut output and absorb rising costs as it struggles to shift work schedules and save equipment from emergency shutdowns, executives at eight companies said.

Sergii Pylypenko, CEO of Kovalska Group, Ukraine¡¯s largest producer of concrete and building materials, said the diesel generators it had bought could not power the entire output of its large factories.