In the rivers of the Peruvian Amazon, manatees wallow in the murky water, making them very hard to spot. If you¡¯re lucky, says British ecologist Kat Bruce, you might see their nostrils poking out above the surface.

A few years ago, she joined conservationists from green group WWF who were traveling a 1,000-kilometer stretch of river to study manatees and other species.

¡°You basically can¡¯t survey them apart from by going to communities and asking if they¡¯ve seen any manatees recently,¡± said Bruce, who in 2014 set up a monitoring company called NatureMetrics.