Russia has defaulted on its foreign-currency sovereign debt for the first time in a century, the culmination of ever-tougher Western sanctions that shut down payment routes to overseas creditors.

For months, the country found paths around the penalties imposed after the Kremlin¡¯s invasion of Ukraine. But at the end of the day on Sunday, the grace period on about $100 million of snared interest payments due May 27 expired, a deadline considered an event of default if missed.

It¡¯s a grim marker in the country¡¯s rapid transformation into an economic, financial and political outcast. The nation¡¯s eurobonds have traded at distressed levels since the start of March, the central bank¡¯s foreign reserves remain frozen, and the biggest banks are severed from the global financial system.