Under the watch of Carrie Lam, Hong Kong¡¯s chief executive, huge citywide protests deepened political divisions. A national security law silenced a once-vibrant civil society. And restrictive pandemic policies threatened Hong Kong¡¯s status as Asia¡¯s world city.

With each crisis, Lam tried to serve the will of Beijing, which controls the territory, and navigate competing pressures from residents and an international community leery of China¡¯s growing authoritarian grip over Hong Kong.

On Monday, those pressures appeared to boil over as Lam announced that she would not seek a second five-year term, marking the end of one of the most tumultuous periods of governance in Hong Kong¡¯s recent history.