Great ¸èÔ~ (kashi, lyrics) often hinge on one simple device: ½Åí (kyakuin, end rhyme). The Beatles knew it, and their song ¡°The End¡± makes the point clearly: ¡°And in the end the love you take / is equal to the love you make. ¡±

End rhyme is the English-language songwriter¡¯s most fundamental tool. Parallel structure, repetition, assonance ¡ª all of it is pulled together by rhyming line endings. Almost every English pop song relies on it, and it¡¯s part of what makes a song feel like a song.

Japanese, however, cannot lean on ½Åí in the same way. With only five ĸÒô (boin, vowels), the language simply has fewer possible line-ending sounds. Most sentences also end in predictable patterns ¡ª the copula verbs ¤À (da) or ¤Ç¤¹ (desu), meaning ¡°to be,¡± or the ¤ë (ru) or ¤Þ¤¹ (masu) verb endings. In Japanese, rhymes are commonplace, not something that signals poetic craft.