It was said of the California Gold Rush of the mid-19th century that the ones who made the money were those who sold the shovels. Today¡¯s shovel sellers in Tokyo are the service providers, agents and brokers eager to entice clients with tales of gold in the hills.

Recently there has been a spate of real estate investment seminars targeting average salarymen and expats in Tokyo. A common opportunity presented is the whole-apartment-building investment, and the idea is simple: Find a building producing a healthy rental yield and organize financing from a willing institution.

Many banks have relaxed their lending requirements to enable anyone with a salary of over ?7 million and in full-time employment to get an investment mortgage. Throw in permanent residency, a Japanese spouse and some capital, and mortgages of over 10 times an applicant¡¯s salary covering 90-100 percent of the property value at a fairly modest interest rates over 30-plus years can be easily arranged. Create a spreadsheet and make sure your rental yield is comfortably higher than your mortgage repayments and expenses and, hey presto, a cash-flow-positive investment, using little or none of your own capital. Sound too good to be true? Perhaps it is.