SEOUL ¨C Two years have passed since U.S. President Joe Biden¡¯s administration pushed through the CHIPS and Science Act, which allocated $52 billion in subsidies to encourage semiconductor manufacturers to build up their capacity within the United States.
Over this period, the U.S. also imposed broad restrictions on the export of chip-related technology to China. The goal of these measures was to achieve U.S. self-sufficiency in microchips and to impede China¡¯s quest to achieve the same. Have they succeeded?
U.S. efforts to limit China¡¯s access to chipmaking technologies focus largely on the most advanced integrated circuits, which account for over 80% of the global semiconductor market. There are three main types of ICs: logic chips (used for data processing in mobile phones and personal computers), DRAM (a type of random-access memory commonly used in PCs and servers) and NAND (flash memory).
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